sustainability
rules of thumb
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Natural Ventilation
Cross Ventilation results from air moving from an area of positive pressure (windward side) to an area of negative pressure (leeward side). To achieve good cross ventilation, a room should have at least one inlet on the windward side and one outlet on the leeward side. They should be offset to improve mixing of the air in the room. Locate the outlet high above the inlet to maximize stack effect.

Stack Ventilation is when warm air rises, exits through openings at the top of a space and is replaced by cooler air entering from lower openings in the space. The greater the vertical dimension between inlet and outlet the greater the rate of airflow. This is helpful when the wind speed is low and cross ventilation is not an effective method of natural ventilation. A stack ventilation design can be developed around a stairwell or atrium space.

Space Buildings To Preserve Access To Breezes. Each building creates an area of reduced wind velocity on its leeward side. Buildings which depend heavily on cross-ventilation should be separated by a distance of 5 - 7 times the buildings height to ensure maximum air flow. The spacing can be decreased if the buildings are staggered to allow air flow around the buildings.
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ROYER ARCHITECTS
D. Christopher Royer, AIA